Chicken Pox (Varicella)

Chickenpox, caused by the varicella zoster virus, is a highly contagious viral infection  characterised by an red itchy rash with blisters, fever, and fatigue. While typically mild in children, chickenpox can lead to serious complications such as bacterial infections of the skin, pneumonia, and encephalitis, especially in adults, infants, and immunocompromised individuals. The chickenpox vaccine, also known as the varicella vaccine, is an effective measure to protect against it. The chickenpox vaccine is commonly administered in two doses: the first dose at 12-15 months of age and the second dose at 4-6 years of age. The vaccine can also be given to older children and adults who have not had chickenpox or the vaccine.

The introduction of the chickenpox vaccine has drastically reduced the incidence of the disease and its associated complications. Vaccination not only protects the individual but also helps to prevent the spread of the virus within the community. In addition to preventing chickenpox, the vaccine reduces the risk of shingles later in life, a painful condition caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus.

Chickenpox is a component of the combination vaccine administered at 18 months of age as part of the National Immunisation Program (NIP).

The Benefits of Chickenpox Vaccination:

  1. Prevention of Chickenpox and Complications: The varicella vaccine effectively prevents chickenpox and significantly reduces the risk of complications, such as severe skin infections, pneumonia, and encephalitis.
  2. Reduction in Disease Transmission: High vaccination coverage helps to reduce the spread of chickenpox within the community, protecting those who are unable to be vaccinated due to medical reasons.
  3. Prevention of Shingles: Vaccination decreases the likelihood of developing shingles later in life by reducing the risk of initial infection with the varicella zoster virus.

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FAQ

What is the chickenpox vaccine?

The chickenpox vaccine, also known as the varicella vaccine, protects against the varicella zoster virus, which causes chickenpox. It is usually administered in two doses.

Who should get the chickenpox vaccine?

The vaccine is recommended for all children and is typically given at 18 months, on a combination with the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. It is also recommended for older children, adolescents and adults who have not had either a chickenpox infection or the vaccine.

Are there any side effects of the chickenpox vaccine?

Common side effects include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, and a mild rash. Serious side effects are rare.

Can adults receive the chickenpox vaccine?

Yes, adults who have never had chickenpox or the vaccine should get vaccinated, especially if they are at higher risk of exposure or complications.

What should I do if my child misses a scheduled dose?

If a dose is missed, it should be administered as soon as possible. Consult with your healthcare provider to get back on track with the vaccination schedule.

Can the chickenpox vaccine cause chickenpox?

The vaccine is made from a weakened form of the virus and cannot cause full-blown chickenpox. However, a very mild form of the disease can occur in some individuals after vaccination.

How effective is the chickenpox vaccine?

The vaccine is highly effective, with about 90% of individuals developing immunity after the first dose and nearly 100% after the second dose.

Is it safe to receive the chickenpox vaccine during pregnancy?

The varicella vaccine is not recommended during pregnancy. Women planning to become pregnant should wait at least one month after receiving the vaccine.